Why convert JPG to WebP?
WebP exists for one reason: to make web pages lighter. Google published it in 2010 as a replacement for JPG and PNG, and it now has support in every current browser.
The saving is real and measurable. On the fixed test image used throughout this site, the same source produced a 375 KB JPG and a 226 KB WebP — around 40% smaller, at the same default quality setting, with no visible difference at normal viewing sizes.
On a page with a dozen photographs, that is the difference between a fast site and a slow one.
When should I not use WebP?
Whenever the file leaves your control.
WebP is a web format, and outside the browser its support is patchy. Print shops, older photo editors, plenty of upload forms and some desktop viewers still refuse it. If someone is going to open your file in something you cannot predict, send JPG.
The rule of thumb: WebP for images on a site you control, JPG for images you hand to a person.
WebP or AVIF?
Both are modern, both are well supported, and AVIF compresses considerably harder — the same source as an AVIF came out 73% smaller than the JPG, against WebP’s 40%.
The trade-offs run the other way too. WebP encodes far faster, which matters if you are converting hundreds of images, and it is accepted by slightly more non-browser software.
If your site can serve both from a <picture> element, do that. If you have to choose one, WebP is the conservative pick and AVIF the aggressive one.